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When the time comes and you’re breaking open the food stores and weapon cache, your stockpiled ammo will be just as valuable—and likely necessary—as storing drinkable water.
Unlike food and water, you need to store ammo because you’ll never have another opportunity to buy or find it again. But how much ammo for SHTF is enough?
To answer that, we need to look at calibers, types of firearms, and needs.
Finally, we’ll give guidelines for the minimum amount of ammunition you should keep around.
How Much Ammo for SHTF is Enough?
You can never have too much ammo. If the floorboards are creaking from the weight, move your cache into the basement or underground.
You should maintain the minimum counts of the following types of ammo:
- 2,000 defensive rifle cartridges
- 800 hunting rifle cartridges
- 300 defensive shot shells
- 600 hunting shot shells
- 1,200 pistol cartridges
Plenty of other guides give out arbitrary numbers like these. So, how did we arrive at these figures?
Let’s dive into the expectations and guidelines that made us arrive at these numbers.
Stockpiling Ammo for SHTF Guidelines
Part of the prepping mindset is hoping for the best but preparing for the worst. If you’re a truly effective prepper, you must assume that if you wind up in a survival situation, it will be a long-term and draconian environment.
For the sake of ammo, that means likely engaging in self-defense shooting and regular hunting excursions.
Handgun Rounds
According to this analysis, a person in a self-defense situation will require 13.6 rounds fired (on average) to incapacitate an armed attacker. Keep in mind that this is for a single attacker.
In a survival situation, you will encounter groups of individuals. And those groups share common, often competing and hostile, goals.
In fact, this statistic is likely why the FBI adopted the high-capacity 9mm cartridge, replacing the bulkier .40 S&W for more ammo in each magazine.
You can expel dozens of magazines in a close-quarters shooting situation when defending yourself and your property.
Rifle Rounds
In combat environments or firefights, ammo use increases dramatically with distance and the fog of war.
Statistics suggest that in modern urban combat theaters like Iraq, an average of 250,000 rounds are required per insurgent killed. This average is extreme and skewed because of automatic and crew-serve weapons.
But this writer’s personal infantry experience overseas says that you should expect to expend up to a full “battle load” (270 rounds or nine 30-round magazines of 5.56 NATO or centerfire rifle ammo) regularly, just to kill a single armed aggressor at engagements between 50 and 250 meters. That covers most modern urban firefights.
By these numbers, you could expect to deplete your weapons’ ammo cache relatively quickly.
You probably won’t wind up fending off attackers on a daily basis, a la Mad Max. But is the risk of engaging in at least one to two defensive shooting scenarios possible, even likely, as the situation drags on? Yes.
Those 1 or 2 encounters, if realized with multiple aggressors, could force you to burn through dozens of magazines, if not hundreds of rounds of ammo.
Hunting Rounds
The average American deer hunter requires between 1 and 7 rounds to be fired before he or she snags some antlers. An aggregate study of data collected over the past few decades indicates most hunters require 3.1 shots per deer.
We’ll keep it simple. In a survival scenario that spans up to months and seasons, a few hundred rounds of hunting ammo per gun is a sure guarantee that you’ll never run out of the resources required to gather food.
Average Number of Guns Owned in America
All of the guns in America are owned by 25% of the population. 3% of Americans own half of all guns. That means around 7.7 million Americans own anywhere between 8 and 140 firearms each.
What side of the chart are you on? The data shows the types of firearms owned typically include at least three centerfire rifles, at least two to three handguns, and one to two shotguns.
How Many Rounds to Stockpile
Extrapolating these data across our suggested totals for your ammo stockpile leaves about a ballpark figure of 400 to 800 rounds of ammunition per firearm.
Calculating fast n’ loose leaves enough ammo per firearm for multiple defensive and hunting encounters without ever expending more than 50% of your total stockpile.
Hunting and Defensive Shooting
Hunting and defense are the two reasons you need to stockpile ammo in the first place. Additionally, fill your cache based on the rifles, pistols, and shotguns you actually own.
There are endless weapon makes and models (and calibers) to pick from. We’ve listed the cartridges we believe to be the most useful and valuable for the SHTF-minded prepper experiencing a survival situation.
Putting the cart before the horse may make sense here. If you’re new to the game or don’t yet own any firearms, use this guide as the foundation for picking the guns that are most valuable for your setup.
Hunting Calibers
.22 LR
For small game, nothing beats the small but mighty .22 LR.
It’s been a favorite among varmint hunters since its inception. More importantly, it’s cheap and plentiful.
Whether you’re in an urban environment or way out the sticks, a few boxes of .22 LR for your favorite Ruger or Henry will be invaluable in an ‘SHTF’ scenario, no matter where, when, or how dire.
.270 Winchester
Hunters across America have been using this legendary deer cartridge for nearly a century.
It packs a load of powder to achieve high velocity and accuracy at a distance. Likewise, it’s suitable for most American-antlered game.
It’s not as common as some of the other calibers we discuss. However, if you already own the bolt gun and need confidence in taking game at long range, it’s a great caliber to stock up on.
.30-06 Springfield
Once a proud battle rifle cartridge, the .30-06 Springfield is one of the most popular non-magnum rifle rounds still in circulation today.
This is a big, expensive round. But if you’re stalking moose or bear, you need it in your arsenal.
Defensive Rounds
Managing to snag some venison during the apocalypse could be a lifesaver. However, investing in modern defensive rounds is what’ll truly set you apart from disaster.
Many of these cartridges serve just as well as hunting rounds, and they’ll be the focus of this guide.
5.56 NATO / .223 Remington
The gold standard in any prepper’s arsenal. By raw numbers, 5.56 NATO and its commercial counterpart, the .223 Remington, might be the two most popular rifle cartridges in existence.
A little introduction needs to be made here. If you’re reading this, you probably already own an AR-15 (or, like a smart prepper, you keep yours off the books with some 80% lowers).
Even if you don’t own a black rifle, it pays off to store some of these .22-cal centerfires.
7.62×51 NATO / .308 Winchester
The 7.62 NATO and its commercial equivalent, the .308 Winchester, remain two of the most popular .30-caliber rifle cartridges in circulation. The U.S. military has been using them for almost 75 years.
More importantly, these two rounds and their available rifles are the most affordable and accessible .30-caliber setup you can find just about anywhere.
The right loads can even defeat body armor. That makes them perfect for the stockpile.
9mm Parabellum
Call it 9mm Luger, it’s all the same: The 9mm Parabellum cartridge is one of the most popular and compatible pistol cartridges on the market.
If you can list a handgun make and model, chances are high that it will be available in 9mm. If that’s not all, it was made to shoot.
The 9mm cartridge burns its powder quickly, it packs a punch, and it can maintain MOA accuracy beyond 100 meters with the right setup.
Many black rifles and pistol-caliber carbines, like the AR-9, are now configured using the Parabellum cartridge. So it only makes sense to keep it around for its versatility.
12-Gauge Shot Shell
Before you cry foul that 12-gauge shells are hunting rounds, hear us out. In an SHTF situation, you will likely engage targets with your firearms in a defensive capacity long before you ever pull the trigger on a wild animal.
A 12-gauge is an effective cartridge for virtually any American game. In contrast, it makes for an even better close-quarters deterrent when collateral damage is of little concern.
Of course, shot shells take up a lot more space than any rifle or pistol cartridge, which finally brings us to the important points.
Stockpiling Ammo Storage Tips
Figuring out how much ammo you must store is just one half of this equation. The other, equally important half is figuring out how to safely store all that ammo so it never goes to waste.
Cold, Dark, and Dry are Best
If you properly seal and store your ammo in a consistently cold, dry, and dark environment, it will outlast you.
Long-term exposure to things like temperature changes, UV light, and moisture can break down the chemical compounds in gunpowder and primers. Sealed primers can also fail, brass can corrode, and the result is usually a dead round in the chamber.
It’s best practice to store your ammo wherever humidity is below 40% and where temperatures fluctuate by 10 to 20 degrees or less. A maximum temperature of 75 degrees or less will preserve primers well.
That typically means storing your cache underground, like in a basement or storm shelter. If you don’t have access to either, burying your ammo is not out of the question (just don’t bury it all; always leave some readily available).
Stockpiling Storage Options
Surplus Ammo Cans
- 𝐀𝐦𝐦𝐨 𝐂𝐚𝐧 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞...
- 𝐒𝐞𝐜𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐒𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐞...
- 𝐁𝐮𝐢𝐥𝐭 𝐓𝐨𝐮𝐠𝐡 𝐟𝐨𝐫...
These cans are perfect. They were made for long-term ammo storage.
U.S. military ammo cans are also cheap and plentiful; they’re made from steel, coated with weatherproof paint, and sealed with thick rubber O-rings to make them waterproof.
Not-quite-Pelican cases, like the Condition 1 Hard Case, work just as well for a fraction of the price, too. These TPO plastic containers are also waterproof, shock-proof, and completely weatherproof.
They can even be buried easily, and they sport locking latches to keep curious hands away. These cases can hold thousands of rounds, potentially storing your entire cache in an easy-to-transport box.
This writer personally recommends them, and he stores his dozens of 5.56 magazines and 20-round American Eagle boxes in one, just for that “what if” moment.
DO NOT Forget Desiccant Packets
- INTERTECK PACKAGING SILICA PACKETS FOR MOISTURE CONTROL are...
- INTERTECK PACKAGING SILICA PACKETS are recommended for food,...
- INTERTECK PACKAGING DESICCANT DEHUMIDIFIER with Tyvek...
Often overlooked, these little silica packets are perhaps the most important accessory for effectively storing ammunition long-term.
These packets absorb moisture and protect your ammo’s primers, gunpowder, and casings.
They’re reusable and can be baked in the oven to cook off moisture before being returned to your cache. You need these, especially if you live in a humid environment.
Resources for Gun Laws
Lastly, it’s a good idea to review ammo laws in your state. It’s important that you don’t open yourself up to a visit from the feds. Yes, it has and does happen—especially to smart folks like us, who tend to buy ammo in bulk.
If you want to walk that line on the law, then 18 U.S. Code § 922, especially sections (D) and (G), is a great resource.
This research report from Connecticut’s Office of Legislative Research covers many current state-specific ammo laws, too.
These statutes cover just about every federal ammunition law on the books. Likewise, they will help you make sure you’re not getting into any illegal cartridges or transactions. You’re officially armed with the ammo knowledge you need to stockpile.
Conclusion
So, we’ve covered the big points on the burning question you’ve been asking: How much ammo for SHTF is enough? Here are the numbers one more time:
- 2,000 defensive rifle cartridges
- 800 hunting rifle cartridges
- 300 defensive shot shells
- 600 hunting shot shells
- 1,200 pistol cartridges
Remember these key takeaways: Keep at least 400 to 800 rounds per firearm in your stockpile.
Focus on storing defensive ammo more; you can use it to hunt, too. Store your ammo in a cool, dark, dry place that’s about 75 degrees (F) or lower. Use desiccants to absorb moisture.
Now, it’s time to stock up on ammo!